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Spring Cloud Alibaba 分布式服务调用篇

作者:互联网

目录

一、Dubbo Spring Cloud  应用

1. 基于Dubbo Spring Cloud 搭建服务消费方和服务提供方

服务提供方

服务消费方

2. 搭建common-interface模块定义dubbo服务接口

3. 将API模块部署到本地仓库

二、 Dubbo 迁移Spring Cloud 应用


        Dubbo Spring Cloud 基于Spring Cloud Commons 抽象实现Dubbo 服务注册与发现,无需添加任何外部化的配置,就能桥接到所有原生的Spring Cloud 注册中心:

       Dubbo Spring Cloud 相当于Spring Cloud plus, 是对原生Spring Cloud 的封装和增强,主要包含了分布式配置、服务注册与发现、负载均衡、服务熔断、服务调用、链路追踪等功能。

一、Dubbo Spring Cloud  应用

        怎么将添加Dubbo Spring Cloud引入到项目中,在pom.xml文件中添加依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
</dependency>

        共有依赖组件:

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

1. 基于Dubbo Spring Cloud 搭建服务消费方和服务提供方

        服务消费方和提供方的依赖相同, 主要依赖有:

        Dubbo Spring Cloud 通过<dependencyManagement> 标签引入。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>provider</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>provider</name>
    <description>服务提供者示例</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba-version>2.2.1.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba-version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>common-interface</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--nacos discovery -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba-version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

服务提供方

1) 配置文件里新增dubbo相关配置:

spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=localhost:8848
spring.application.name=provider
server.port=8001
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.user-name=nacos
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.password=nacos
management.endpoints.jmx.exposure.include=*
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.endpoint.health.show-details=always
# dubbo spring cloud 配置
dubbo.scan.base-packages=com.example.alibaba
dubbo.protocol.name=dubbo
# -1 表示自增,从20880开始
dubbo.protocol.port=-1

2)  提供API接口的实现类

package com.example.alibaba.service;

import com.example.alibaba.user.UserInterface;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;

/**
 * @decription:
 * @author: zhengbing.zhang
 * @date: 2021/7/17 16:06
 */
@Service
public class UserService implements UserInterface {
    @Override
    public String getUserPassWordByUserName(String username) {
        return "hello ," + username;
    }
}

  注意: 实现类需必须添加@Service注解,该注解是 org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Service,没有该注解dubbo会扫描不到该实现类Bean。

服务消费方

        服务消费方只要拿到接口的Bean就能够远程调用到目标方法,其实是获取到代理类。用@Reference注解来装配接口的Bean。此注解为org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference

package com.example.alibaba.controller;

import com.example.alibaba.user.UserInterface;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @decription:
 * @author: zhengbing.zhang
 * @date: 2021/7/17 16:54
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @Reference
    private UserInterface userInterface;

    @GetMapping("/query")
    public String queryUser() {
        String result = userInterface.getUserPassWordByUserName("zhang zheng bing ");
        return result;
    }

}

        订阅服务。 服务消费方需要配置订阅哪个微服务,如果有多个可以用"," 逗号隔开。

spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=localhost:8848
spring.application.name=consumer
server.port=8002
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.user-name=nacos
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.password=nacos
management.endpoints.jmx.exposure.include=*
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.endpoint.health.show-details=always

# dubbo cloud
dubbo.cloud.subscribed-services=provider

2. 搭建common-interface模块定义dubbo服务接口

       common-interface 定义提供API的模块,由服务暴露方去实现,由服务消费者去消费, 在此定义了一个UserInterface接口。

public interface UserInterface {
    String getUserPassWordByUserName(String username);
}

3. 将API模块部署到本地仓库

        在终端切换到模块路径,执行 mvn clean  install 命令, 可以将项目打成jar包存放到本地仓库。

 解决打jar包出现的BOOT-INF文件夹问题?

        springboot的maven插件添加一个配置<skip> true</skip>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <skip>true</skip>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>repackage</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

将打好的jar包引入到项目中:

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.example.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>common-interface</artifactId>
</dependency>

可以在External Libraries里查看我们打好的jar包: 

访问: http://localhost:8002/user/query 

至此,dubbo spring cloud 实现微服务的调用过程全部实现了。

二、 Dubbo 迁移Spring Cloud 应用

        Dubbo Spring Cloud 提供了优秀的服务治理能力,同时也提供了将SpringCloudOpenFeign或者@LoadBalanced`RestTemplate迁移为Dubbo服务的能力。可以通过@DubboTransported注解来将Spring Cloud OpenFeign 接口以及@LoadBalance的RestTemplateBean 底层调用走dubbo , 而服务提供方只需要在原来的@Restcontroller 类上追加一个@Service注解即可。

        

标签:dubbo,spring,boot,分布式服务,Cloud,Spring,org,cloud
来源: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33036061/article/details/118856435