用C语言写学生成绩管理系统
作者：互联网
源代码：
test.c文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include"student.h"
void menu()
{
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("|| ^^^***The information of student***^^^ ||\n");
printf("===================================================================\n");
printf("|| 1、Input the information 2、Put out the information ||\n");
printf("|| 3、Search for the information 4、Modify the information ||\n");
printf("|| 5、Show the max 6、Delete the information ||\n");
printf("|| 7、Work out the total or average 8、Sort ||\n");
printf("|| 9、Save the information 0、Exit the system ||\n");
printf("===================================================================\n");
printf(" | The user can make a choice from the fuction above: | \n");
}
int main()
{
int input;
ReadInformation();
do
{
menu();
printf("\n请输入您需要选择的操作：");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case 1:
InputInformation();
printf("录入成功！\n");
SaveInformation();
break;
case 2:
PutInformation();
break;
case 3:
SearchInformation();
break;
case 4:
ModifyInformation();
SaveInformation();
break;
case 5:
ShowMax();
break;
case 6:
DeleteInformation();
SaveInformation();
break;
case 7:
Average();
break;
case 8:
Sort();
break;
case 9:
SaveInformation();
break;
case 0:
SaveInformation();
printf("\n成功退出，欢迎下次使用！\n");
break;
default:
printf("\n输入错误请重新输入！\n");
break;
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}student.h文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#pragma once
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<errno.h>
#define MAX_NAME 20
#define MAX_SEX 10
#define MAX_STU_CLASS 20
#define MAX_AVG 5
typedef struct stu_type
{
char name[MAX_NAME]; //名字
long num; //学号
int age; //年龄
char sex[MAX_SEX]; //性别
char stu_class[MAX_STU_CLASS]; //班级
double C;
double M;
double E;
double S;
double sum;
}student;
// 创建链表
typedef struct _Node
{
student stu; //学生
struct _Node *pNext; //指向下一个节点的指针
}Node;
//函数声明
void SaveInformation(); //保存学生信息
void ReadInformation(); //读取学生信息
void InputInformation(); //信息录入
void PutInformation(); //展示信息
void SearchInformation(); //查找信息
void ModifyInformation(); //修改信息
void ShowMax(); //显示最高分
void DeleteInformation(); //删除信息
void Average(); //平均分
void Sort();
void PrintfInfo(Node *p);//排序student.c文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include"student.h"
//头结点
Node *g_phead = NULL;
Node *last = NULL;
//ok
void SaveInformation()
{
Node *p=g_phead;
FILE *pfwrite=fopen("student.dat","w");
if (pfwrite == NULL)
{
printf("SaveInformation::%s", strerror(errno));
}
while (p)
{
fwrite(&(p->stu), sizeof(student), 1, pfwrite);
p = p->pNext;
}
fclose(pfwrite);
pfwrite = NULL;
}
//ok
void ReadInformation()
{
student tem = {0};
FILE *pfread=fopen("student.dat","r");
if (pfread == NULL)
{
printf("ReadInformation::%s", strerror(errno));
return;
}
while (fread(&tem, sizeof(student), 1, pfread))
{
Node *pNewNext = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
pNewNext->pNext = NULL;
pNewNext->stu = tem;
if (g_phead == NULL)
{
g_phead = pNewNext;
}
else
{
pNewNext->pNext = g_phead;
g_phead = pNewNext;
}
}
fclose(pfread);
pfread = NULL;
} //
//ok
void InputInformation()
{
//创建链表
//创建一个新结点
Node *pNewNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
pNewNode->pNext = NULL;
//头插法
if (g_phead == NULL)
{
g_phead = pNewNode;
}
else
{
pNewNode->pNext = g_phead;
g_phead = pNewNode;
}
//输入学生信息
printf("请输入学生信息\n");
printf("请输入学生姓名：");
scanf("%s",g_phead->stu.name);
printf("请输入学生学号：");
scanf("%ld", &g_phead->stu.num);
printf("请输入学生年龄：");
scanf("%d", &g_phead->stu.age);
printf("请输入学生性别：");
scanf("%s", g_phead->stu.sex);
printf("请输入学生班级：");
scanf("%s", g_phead->stu.stu_class);
printf("请输入学生语文成绩：");
scanf("%lf", &g_phead->stu.C);
printf("请输入学生数学成绩：");
scanf("%lf", &g_phead->stu.M);
printf("请输入学生英语成绩：");
scanf("%lf", &g_phead->stu.E);
printf("请输入学生体育成绩：");
scanf("%lf", &g_phead->stu.S);
g_phead->stu.sum = g_phead->stu.C + g_phead->stu.M +
g_phead->stu.E + g_phead->stu.S;
}
//ok
void PutInformation()
{
Node *p = g_phead;
printf("\n\n%-8s%-15s%-5s%-5s%-10s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s\n",
"姓名", "学号", "年龄", "性别", "班级", "语文",
"数学", "英语", "体育","总分");
while (p != NULL)
{
PrintfInfo(p);
p=p->pNext;
}
printf("\n\n");
}
//ok
void SearchInformation()
{
int num;
char stu_class[MAX_STU_CLASS];
long n;
char name[MAX_NAME];
Node *p = g_phead;
printf("请选择查找方式: 1、按班级 2、按学号 3、按姓名\n");
if (p == NULL)
{
printf("提示：暂未存储任何信息！\n");
return;
}
scanf("%d", &num);
if (num == 1)
{
printf("请输入需要查找人的班级：");
scanf("%s", &stu_class);
printf("\n\n%-8s%-15s%-5s%-5s%-10s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s\n",
"姓名", "学号", "年龄", "性别", "班级", "语文",
"数学", "英语", "体育", "总分");
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p->stu.stu_class, stu_class) == 0)
{
PrintfInfo(p);
}
p = p->pNext;
}
}
else if (num == 2)
{
printf("请输入需要查找人的学号：");
scanf("%ld", &n);
printf("\n\n%-8s%-15s%-5s%-5s%-10s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s\n",
"姓名", "学号", "年龄", "性别", "班级", "语文",
"数学", "英语", "体育", "总分");
while (p != NULL)
{
if (p->stu.num == n)
{
PrintfInfo(p);
}
p = p->pNext;
}
}
else if (num == 3)
{
printf("请输入需要查找人的姓名：");
scanf("%s", &name);
printf("\n\n%-8s%-15s%-5s%-5s%-10s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s\n",
"姓名", "学号", "年龄", "性别", "班级", "语文",
"数学", "英语", "体育", "总分");
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p->stu.name,name)==0)
{
PrintfInfo(p);
}
p = p->pNext;
}
}
else
{
printf("输入错误，该操作不存在！\n");
}
}
//ok
void ModifyInformation()
{
int cnt = 0;
char name[MAX_NAME];
printf("请输入需要修改人的姓名：");
scanf("%s", &name);
Node *p = g_phead;
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p->stu.name, name) == 0)
{
printf("请输入学生姓名：");
scanf("%s", p->stu.name);
printf("请输入学生学号：");
scanf("%ld", &p->stu.num);
printf("请输入学生年龄：");
scanf("%d", &p->stu.age);
printf("请输入学生性别：");
scanf("%s", p->stu.sex);
printf("请输入学生班级：");
scanf("%s", p->stu.stu_class);
printf("请输入学生语文成绩：");
scanf("%lf", &p->stu.C);
printf("请输入学生数学成绩：");
scanf("%lf", &p->stu.M);
printf("请输入学生英语成绩：");
scanf("%lf", &p->stu.E);
printf("请输入学生体育成绩：");
scanf("%lf", &p->stu.S);
p->stu.sum = p->stu.C + p->stu.M +
p->stu.E + p->stu.S;
cnt = 1;
}
p = p->pNext;
}
if (cnt == 1)
printf("修改成功！\n");
else
printf("该姓名不存在！\n");
}
void ShowMax()
{
int i;
printf("各科最高分的人和各分数为：\n");
printf("\n\n %-8s%-15s%-5s%-5s%-10s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s%-8s\n",
"姓名", "学号", "年龄", "性别", "班级", "语文",
"数学", "英语", "体育", "总分");
Node *p1 = g_phead, *p2 = g_phead, *p3 = g_phead, *p4 = g_phead, *p5 = g_phead;
Node *p = g_phead;
while (p)
{
if (p->stu.C>p1->stu.C)
{
p1 = p;
}
if (p->stu.M>p2->stu.M)
{
p2 = p;
}
if (p->stu.E>p3->stu.E)
{
p3 = p;
}
if (p->stu.S>p4->stu.S)
{
p4 = p;
}
if (p->stu.sum>p5->stu.sum)
{
p5 = p;
}
p = p->pNext;
}
printf("语文最高分：");
PrintfInfo(p1);
printf("数学最高分：");
PrintfInfo(p2);
printf("英语最高分：");
PrintfInfo(p3);
printf("体育最高分：");
PrintfInfo(p4);
printf("总分最高分：");
PrintfInfo(p5);
}
//ok
void DeleteInformation()
{
char name[MAX_NAME];
Node *p1;
printf("请输入需要删除人的姓名：");
scanf("%s",name);
if (g_phead == NULL)
{
printf("未存储任何信息!\n");
return;
}
//是头结点
if (strcmp(name, g_phead->stu.name) == 0)
{
p1 = g_phead;
g_phead = g_phead->pNext;
free(p1);
p1 = NULL;
printf("删除成功！\n");
return;
}
//不是头结点
Node *p=g_phead;
Node *p2;
while (p->pNext!= NULL)
{
if (strcmp(name, p->pNext->stu.name) == 0)
{
p2 = p->pNext;
p->pNext = p2->pNext;
free(p2);
p2 = NULL;
printf("删除成功！\n");
return;
}
p = p->pNext;
}
printf("未找到该人，删除失败！\n");
}
//ok
void Average()
{
double avg[MAX_AVG] = { 0 };
Node *p = g_phead;
int cnt=0,i;
while (p)
{
avg[0] += p->stu.C;
avg[1] += p->stu.M;
avg[2] += p->stu.E;
avg[3] += p->stu.S;
avg[4] += p->stu.sum;
cnt++;
p = p->pNext;
}
for (i = 0; i < MAX_AVG; i++)
{
avg[i] /= cnt;
}
printf("语文平均分：%.2f\n", avg[0]);
printf("数学平均分：%.2f\n", avg[1]);
printf("英语平均分：%.2f\n", avg[2]);
printf("体育平均分：%.2f\n", avg[3]);
printf("总分平均分：%.2f\n", avg[4]);
}
//ok——保存的地方存在问题
void Sort()
{
//按总分排序
int s;
Node *p1,*p2;
student tem;
//选择排序
printf("请选择排序方式：1、按总分排序 2、按学号排序\n");
scanf("%d", &s);
if (s == 1 )
{
for (p1 = g_phead; p1 != NULL; p1 = p1->pNext)
{
for (p2 = p1->pNext; p2 != NULL; p2 = p2->pNext)
{
if (p1->stu.sum < p2->stu.sum)
{
tem = p1->stu;
p1->stu = p2->stu;
p2->stu = tem;
}
}
}
}
else if (s== 2)
{
for (p1 = g_phead; p1 != NULL; p1 = p1->pNext)
{
for (p2 = p1->pNext; p2 != NULL; p2 = p2->pNext)
{
if (p1->stu.num > p2->stu.num)
{
tem = p1->stu;
p1->stu = p2->stu;
p2->stu = tem;
}
}
}
}
else
{
printf("输入错误！");
}
}
void PrintfInfo(Node *p)
{
printf("%-8s%-15ld%-5d%-5s%-10s%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f\n",
p->stu.name,
p->stu.num,
p->stu.age,
p->stu.sex,
p->stu.stu_class,
p->stu.C,
p->stu.M,
p->stu.E,
p->stu.S,
p->stu.sum);
}遇到的问题：
1、链表的创建，有两个.c文件时，头结点创建在.h文件中有重复创建的错误。将头结点创建在一个.c文件中就能够解决这个问题。
2、输入问题，当进入选择菜单时候输入字符a、字符串、非数字就会输入错误进入死循环
解决办法：
A、可以使用清理输入流fflush(stdin)，缺点：循环输入的话会变成只能输入一次
B、可以使用while()来执行里面的消除字符，但如果直接这样while(getchar())就会进入无限循环，所以我们可以让其接收一个终止条件，每次输入完我们都会按回车，那就让其接收'\n'换行符终止自己的循环。
while (scanf("%d", &f) != 1)
{
puts("输入非法");
while(getchar()!='\n');
}
3、保存问题。当排完序之后再进行保存，保存的是倒叙，下次再次读取的时候就会倒叙输出。
标签：管理系统,scanf,8s%,C语言,stu,phead,printf,成绩,pNext 来源： https://blog.csdn.net/m0_56406829/article/details/117913981