Windows10 Linux开发环境搭建(WSL)
作者:互联网
一、WSL初始化
从Windows引用商店搜搜Linux,下载Ubuntu(可选18.04或者20.04都可),下载完成后开始菜单点击安装,会要求初始化用户名和密码。
二、创建root用户
后续操作需要root权限,Ubuntu默认是没有root用户的,需要先手动创建
sudo passwd root
输入密码
三、更改阿里云下载镜像
这一步非常重要,可以极大提升用户体验,从阿里开源镜像站复制对应下载源,然后按这个步骤操作:https://blog.csdn.net/Mingzhul/article/details/105302399
注意先备份再修改,养成良好操作习惯。
四、安装vscode
随着时代的进步,这一步的操作貌似有几种方式,应该都可以吧
- 可以参考这个,编译安装VSCode:https://blog.csdn.net/reeeeein/article/details/104628415
- 或者直接通过 Remote-WSL 直接启动:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43876113/article/details/105261577 ,不知道是不是我已经用第一步安装了的原因,这样的确是可行的
- 从官网下载VSCode Linux安装包安装,我觉得这种比较通用,步骤如下:
这一步需要首先在Windows上安装好VSCode及 Remote-WSL插件,现在有 C/C++ Extension Pack 插件,可以装一大堆C++开发的插件,其中就有这个。 然后从VSCode官网下载Ubuntu的.deb安装包,比如放到D盘,然后拷贝到home目录下(以root用户操作):
cp /mnt/d/code_1.62.0-1635954068_amd64.deb ./
注意:WSL和Windows通过 /mnt/win磁盘路径
共享磁盘,然后安装:
dpkg -i code_1.62.0-1635954068_amd64.deb
这样就再wsl上安装好了VScode,在其他Linux上都可以这么操作,万能的VSCode,然后切换到代码目录,例如在 /home/testcode
目录下,VScode可以运行命令启动(也可直接在Windows中用Remote-WSL连接启动,区别在于启动后工作空间名字不一样...):
cd /home/testcode
code .
这样就会在Windows上的VScode中远程打开当前 testcode 目录。
五、C++开发配置
最后就是一些构建配置,在工程目录下的 .vscode 目录下,一般来说这个目录和需要的文件会由VSCode自动生成,需要了解其含义,适当手动修改:
C++工程配置 c_cpp_properties.json,会在直接运行项目时用到:
{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Linux",
"includePath": [ // 头文件查找路径
"${workspaceFolder}/**",
"../include"
],
"defines": [],
"compilerPath": "/usr/bin/gcc",
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++14",
"intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64",
"configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
}
],
"version": 4
}
gdb调试配置 launch.json ,会在F5执行调试时用到:
{
// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
// For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "(gdb) Launch", //启动配置的下拉菜单中显示的名称
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/testServer", // 将要进行调试的程序的路径
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": false, // 设为true时程序将暂停在程序入口处
"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/bin", // 调试程序时的工作目录
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": false, // 调试时是否显示控制台窗口
"MIMode": "gdb",
"setupCommands": [
{
"description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
"text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
"ignoreFailures": true
}
],
"preLaunchTask": "build-debug" // 调试会话开始前执行的任务,一般为编译程序
}
]
}
settings.json,这个不知道有什么用,貌似与用到的库有关:
{
"files.associations": {
"functional": "cpp",
"initializer_list": "cpp",
"array": "cpp",
"atomic": "cpp",
"*.tcc": "cpp",
"cctype": "cpp",
"clocale": "cpp",
"cmath": "cpp",
"cstdarg": "cpp",
"cstdint": "cpp",
"cstdio": "cpp",
"cstdlib": "cpp",
"cstring": "cpp",
"ctime": "cpp",
"cwchar": "cpp",
"cwctype": "cpp",
"deque": "cpp",
"list": "cpp",
"unordered_map": "cpp",
"vector": "cpp",
"exception": "cpp",
"fstream": "cpp",
"iosfwd": "cpp",
"iostream": "cpp",
"istream": "cpp",
"limits": "cpp",
"new": "cpp",
"ostream": "cpp",
"numeric": "cpp",
"sstream": "cpp",
"stdexcept": "cpp",
"streambuf": "cpp",
"cfenv": "cpp",
"tuple": "cpp",
"type_traits": "cpp",
"utility": "cpp",
"typeinfo": "cpp",
"memory": "cpp",
"forward_list": "cpp",
"string": "cpp"
},
"cmake.configureOnOpen": true
}
tasks.json ,构建任务配置,配置了一些 make 参数
{
// See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
// for the documentation about the tasks.json format
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "build-release",
"command": "make",
"args": [
"-j4",
"-C",
"${workspaceFolder}/build/"
],
"type": "shell",
"problemMatcher": [
"$gcc"
]
},
{
"label": "build-debug",
"command": "make",
"args": [
"-j4",
"-C",
"${workspaceFolder}/build/"
],
"type": "shell",
"problemMatcher": [
"$gcc"
]
},
{
"label": "clean",
"command": "make",
"args": [
"-C",
"${workspaceFolder}/build/",
"clean"
],
"type": "shell",
"problemMatcher": [
"$gcc"
]
}
]
}
标签:VSCode,WSL,Windows10,workspaceFolder,Windows,build,Linux,cpp 来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/jixiaohua/p/15533539.html