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运维少年系列 python and cisco (1)

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运维少年系列 python and cisco (1)

骚年 运维少年

运维少年系列 python and cisco (1)


预备知识

本系列文章需要各位具有CCNA/HCNA基础知识(知道命令怎么敲)


python

本系列文章需要使用到的python版本为2.7,模块为paramiko。
为何使用python2.7而不是3.x?因为绝大部分系统都自带了2.7,就这么简单~

paramiko模块功能十分强大,最常使用的就是其SSH登录的功能,使用paramiko实现了SSH登录之后,还可以执行命令,实现远程配置设备。在代码编写部分我会向各位简单的介绍一下每段代码的作用。


系列文章说明

系列文章不会很多(预计2-3篇?),毕竟就一个模块,从简单到稍微复杂一点,然后从单点到批量,然后到异常处理,大概的路线就是这样。文章有些地方可能描述的不准确,请大家多多指教。


python and cisco

1) 拓扑图


R3(config)#hostname R3
R3(config)#ip domain name yunwsn.com
R3(config)#crypto key generate rsa
The name for the keys will be: R3.yunwsn.com
Choose the size of the key modulus in the range of 360 to 2048 for your
  General Purpose Keys. Choosing a key modulus greater than 512 may take
  a few minutes.

How many bits in the modulus [512]: 2048
% Generating 512 bit RSA keys, keys will be non-exportable...[OK]
*Mar  1 00:11:52.127: %SSH-5-ENABLED: SSH 2.0 has been enabled
R3(config)#
R2(config)#line vty 0 10
R2(config-line)#transport input ssh
R2(config-line)#login local
R2(config-line)#exit
R1(config)#username yunwsn privilege 15 password 123456
R1(config)#enable password 123456

3) python配置


[root@yunwei ~]# pip install paramiko
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7.
Collecting paramiko
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/cf/ae/94e70d49044ccc234bfdba20114fa947d7ba6eb68a2e452d89b920e62227/paramiko-2.4.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: cryptography>=1.5 in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from paramiko) (2.6.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pynacl>=1.0.1 in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from paramiko) (1.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pyasn1>=0.1.7 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from paramiko) (0.4.5)
Requirement already satisfied: bcrypt>=3.1.3 in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from paramiko) (3.1.6)
Requirement already satisfied: enum34; python_version < "3" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=1.5->paramiko) (1.1.6)
Requirement already satisfied: asn1crypto>=0.21.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=1.5->paramiko) (0.24.0)
Requirement already satisfied: cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8 in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=1.5->paramiko) (1.12.3)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.4.1 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=1.5->paramiko) (1.12.0)
Requirement already satisfied: ipaddress; python_version < "3" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=1.5->paramiko) (1.0.22)
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8->cryptography>=1.5->paramiko) (2.19)
Installing collected packages: paramiko
Successfully installed paramiko-2.4.2
[root@yunwei ~]# 

#!/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko   # 导入paramiko模块
import time       # 导入time模块,这个后面会用到
host = '192.168.108.254'   # 定义主机IP
user = 'yunwsn'            # 定义登录的用户名
passwd = '123456'          # 定义使用的密码
s = paramiko.SSHClient()   # 实例化,啥意思?请看注释①
s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())  # 请看注释②
s.connect(host,username=user,password=passwd,look_for_keys=False,allow_agent=False) # 定义登录的IP、用户名和密码
print 'login success.'  # 登录成功提示
cmd = s.invoke_shell()  # 创建一个交互式的shell,实现多发送条命令
cmd.send("conf t \n")   # 发送命令
time.sleep(1)           # 睡眠1s,特别重要,注释③
cmd.send("int f0/1 \n")
time.sleep(1)
cmd.send("ip add 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 \n")
time.sleep(1)
cmd.send("end \n")
time.sleep(1)
cmd.send("show ip int bri\n ")
time.sleep(1)
output = cmd.recv(65535)  # 接收输出
print output              # 打印输出
cmd.close()               # 关闭交互式shell

    [root@yunwei cisco]# ssh yunwsn@192.168.108.254
    The authenticity of host '192.168.108.254 (192.168.108.254)' can't be established.
    RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:FBFOoRUMkKYCyDbpZKkRiuhCbiYuOX8EuHLUMoN0C/M.
    RSA key fingerprint is MD5:b9:ad:29:24:43:bb:48:8c:58:3e:ce:03:a4:74:e2:cf.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? 

[root@yunwei cisco]# python ywsn_p_c_lab1.py 
login success.

R1#conf t 
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#int f0/1 
R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 
R1(config-if)#end 
R1#show ip int bri
Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
FastEthernet0/0            192.168.108.254 YES manual up                    up      
FastEthernet0/1            1.1.1.2         YES manual up                    down    
FastEthernet0/2            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/3            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/4            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/5            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/6            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/7            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/8            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/9            unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/10           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/11           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/12           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/13           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/14           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
FastEthernet0/15           unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
Vlan1                      unassigned      YES unset  up                    down    
R1#
[root@yunwei cisco]# 

运维少年系列 python and cisco (1)

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标签:cisco,运维,python,up,down,unassigned,FastEthernet0,YES,paramiko
来源: https://blog.51cto.com/15082392/2656481