c#-如何基于元素的值反序列化xml到派生类？

例如,我有一个xml：

<MyFruit>
    <Fruit>
        <Name>Apple</Name>
        <Size>Big</Size>
    </Fruit>
    <Fruit>
        <Name>Orange</Name>
        <Price>10.00</Price>
    </Fruit>
</MyFruit>

您可能会注意到,水果节点包含不同的元素,这是我的伤害：(

然后,我定义了以下类以容纳反序列化的对象：

public class MyFruit
{
    public List<Fruit> Fruits { get; set; }
}

public abstract class Fruit
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

public class Apple : Fruit
{
    public string Size { get; set; }
}

public class Orange : Fruit
{
    public float Price { get; set; }
}

没用

我也尝试过：

>在水果基类中添加[XmlInclude(typeof(Apple))]和[XmlInclude(typeof(Orange))]属性以指定具体的派生类
>将[XmlElement(typeof(Apple))]和[XmlElement(typeof(Orange))属性添加到MyFruit类的Fruits属性中

它们都不起作用.

因此,我想知道是否有一种方法可以控制基于元素值的反序列化过程(如果名称为Apple,反序列化为Apple类,从Orange转换为Orange类…),或者是否有更好的方法？

更新

我写了一个扩展方法来反序列化xml：

    public static T Deserialize<T>(this string xml)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(xml))
        {
            return default(T);
        }
        try
        {
            var xmlserializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
            var stringReader = new StringReader(xml);
            using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(stringReader))
            {
                return (T) xmlserializer.Deserialize(reader);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new Exception("反序列化发生错误", ex);
        }
    }

解决方法:

一种方法是简单地通过XslCompiledTransform类将输入xml转换为可以轻松反序列化为所需对象结构的格式.下面的示例演示了该概念：

 // XML Deserialization helper.
class XmlSerializationHelper
{

    // Transform the input xml to the desired format needed for de-serialization.
    private static string TransformXml(string xmlString)
    {
        // XSL transformation script.
        string xsl = @"<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl=""http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"" version=""1.0"" xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"" xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"">
                      <xsl:template match=""MyFruit"">
                          <xsl:element name=""{local-name()}"">
                            <Fruits>
                              <xsl:for-each select=""Fruit"">
                                  <xsl:element name=""Fruit"">
                                     <xsl:attribute name=""xsi:type""><xsl:value-of select=""Name""/></xsl:attribute>
                                     <xsl:copy-of select=""./node()""/>
                                  </xsl:element>
                               </xsl:for-each>
                            </Fruits>
                           </xsl:element>
                        </xsl:template>
                    </xsl:stylesheet>";

        // Load input xml as XmlDocument
        XmlDocument sourceXml = new XmlDocument();
        sourceXml.LoadXml(xmlString);

        // Create XSL transformation.
        XslCompiledTransform transform = new XslCompiledTransform();
        transform.Load(new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(xsl)));

        // Apply transformation to input xml and write result out to target xml doc.
        XmlDocument targetXml = new XmlDocument(sourceXml.CreateNavigator().NameTable);
        using (XmlWriter writer = targetXml.CreateNavigator().AppendChild())
        {
            transform.Transform(sourceXml, writer);
        }

        // Return transformed xml string.
        return targetXml.InnerXml;
    }

    public static T DeSerialize<T>(string inputXml)
    {
        T instance = default(T);
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(inputXml))
            return instance;

        try
        {
            string xml = TransformXml(inputXml);  // Transform the input xml to the desired xml format needed to de-serialize objects.

            string attributeXml = string.Empty;
            using (StringReader reader = new StringReader(xml))
            {
                XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
                using (XmlReader xmlReader = new XmlTextReader(reader))
                {
                    instance = (T)serializer.Deserialize(xmlReader);
                    xmlReader.Close();
                }
                reader.Close();
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new Exception(ex.Message);
        }

        return instance;
    }
}

现在可以按如下方式使用helper类：

        string inputXml = @"<MyFruit>
                                <Fruit>
                                    <Name>Apple</Name>
                                    <Size>Big</Size>
                                </Fruit>
                                <Fruit>
                                    <Name>Orange</Name>
                                    <Price>10.00</Price>
                                </Fruit>
                            </MyFruit>";

        MyFruit fruits = XmlSerializationHelper.DeSerialize<MyFruit>(inputXml);

标签：xml-deserialization,c
来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20191118/2026083.html