java-如何在tcp端口上使用二进制通信协议发送数据包
作者：互联网
我正在开发一种可以通过传感器测量一些读数的设备.设备由Android应用操作.我必须从TCP层读取数据.这是在TCP上发送数据的代码
TcpClient.java
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* Created by shahbaz on 25/4/17.
*/
public class TcpClient {
public static final String SERVER_IP = "192.168.1.76"; //server IP address
public static final int SERVER_PORT = 1800;
// message to send to the server
private String mServerMessage;
// sends message received notifications
private OnMessageReceived mMessageListener = null;
// while this is true, the server will continue running
private boolean mRun = false;
// used to send messages
private PrintWriter mBufferOut;
// used to read messages from the server
private BufferedReader mBufferIn;
/**
* Constructor of the class. OnMessagedReceived listens for the messages received from server
*/
public TcpClient(OnMessageReceived listener) {
mMessageListener = listener;
}
/**
* Sends the message entered by client to the server
*
* @param message text entered by client
*/
public void sendMessage(String message) {
if (mBufferOut != null && !mBufferOut.checkError()) {
mBufferOut.println(message);
mBufferOut.flush();
}
}
/**
* Close the connection and release the members
*/
public void stopClient() {
mRun = false;
if (mBufferOut != null) {
mBufferOut.flush();
mBufferOut.close();
}
mMessageListener = null;
mBufferIn = null;
mBufferOut = null;
mServerMessage = null;
}
public void run() {
mRun = true;
try {
//here you must put your computer's IP address.
InetAddress serverAddr = InetAddress.getByName(SERVER_IP);
Log.e("TCP Client", "C: Connecting...");
//create a socket to make the connection with the server
Socket socket = new Socket(serverAddr, SERVER_PORT);
try {
//sends the message to the server
mBufferOut = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())), true);
//receives the message which the server sends back
mBufferIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
//in this while the client listens for the messages sent by the server
while (mRun) {
mServerMessage = mBufferIn.readLine();
if (mServerMessage != null && mMessageListener != null) {
//call the method messageReceived from MyActivity class
mMessageListener.messageReceived(mServerMessage);
}
}
Log.e("RESPONSE FROM SERVER", "S: Received Message: '" + mServerMessage + "'");
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("TCP", "S: Error", e);
} finally {
//the socket must be closed. It is not possible to reconnect to this socket
// after it is closed, which means a new socket instance has to be created.
socket.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("TCP", "C: Error", e);
}
}
//Declare the interface. The method messageReceived(String message) will must be implemented in the MyActivity
//class at on asynckTask doInBackground
public interface OnMessageReceived {
public void messageReceived(String message);
}
}
数据包结构
包格式包含
在TCP上与设备通信时,无法识别数据包之间的边界,在这种情况下,如果数据包顺序不正确或丢失了任何数据包,则可以使用“头开始”来识别新数据包.
因此,数据包中的前2个字节代表数据包的开始.
标头开始：两字节字段,指示每个数据包的开始. 0x55AA是2个字节的数字,用作标头开始.
协议版本：一字节字段,用于指定所使用协议的版本.有效负载中指定的版本将决定有效负载的结构.在任何给定的时刻,设备将支持单个协议版本.当前协议版本为“ 1”.
DSN：序列号是1个字节的字段,它将唯一地标识数据包.数据包的请求者将不得不在请求有效负载中填充此字段；响应者必须在响应有效负载中填充相同的唯一标识符.
请求ID：一字节字段指定命令ID.有效载荷的解析将基于命令id进行.在请求有效负载的情况下,该字段将为非零；在响应的情况下,该字段将为零.
有效负载长度：两字节字段指定有效负载的长度(以字节为单位).它指定有效负载长度字段后面的字节数.在有效载荷长度中,不包括报头长度和CRC.当前,网关设备支持的最大有效负载长度为512(字节).
CRC：1个字节的字段,将通过对所有字节进行XOR运算并加上XOR计数0来计算.
它正在工作.但是根据文档,我必须使用二进制通信协议发送数据包.包括标头开始,有效载荷数据等.如何以包结构发送这些参数？如何创建数据包？
任何帮助表示赞赏.
解决方法:
主要的错误是我没有考虑太多原始数据类型的大小.
位元组= 1个位元组
短= 2字节
int = 4个字节
长= 8字节
浮点数= 4字节
双倍= 8字节
字符= 2字节
引用原始数据类型的大小后,我意识到我们应该跟踪数据包的大小和索引,因为我们正在处理字节数组.
TcpPacket.java
public class TcpPacket {
private static int header_start = 0x55AA;
private static int protocol_version = 1;
private PacketUtils packetUtils = new PacketUtils();
public byte[] getHandshakePacket()
{
int request_id = 1;
byte[] header_data = packetUtils.ItoBA2(header_start);
byte[] payload_data = packetUtils.ItoBA4(packetUtils.getDateTime());
byte[] payload_length = packetUtils.ItoBA2(4);
byte[] a_data = new byte[]{header_data[0], header_data[1], (byte) protocol_version, packetUtils.getDSN(), (byte) request_id, payload_length[0], payload_length[1],
payload_data[0], payload_data[1], payload_data[2], payload_data[3]};
byte[] b_data = new byte[]{ packetUtils.getCRC(a_data)};
byte[] packet_data = packetUtils.concatBytes(a_data,b_data);
return packet_data;
}
}
PacketUtils.java
public class PacketUtils {
public byte[] ItoBA4(int value) { // integer to bytes function (return byte array of 4 bytes)
return new byte[] {
(byte)(value >>> 24),
(byte)(value >>> 16),
(byte)(value >>> 8),
(byte)value};
}
public byte[] ItoBA2(int value) { // integer to bytes function (return byte array of 2 bytes)
return new byte[] {
(byte)(value >>> 8),
(byte)value};
}
public byte getDSN() // return one byte random number
{
char[] chars = "1234567890".toCharArray();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
char c = chars[random.nextInt(chars.length)];
sb.append(c);
}
byte output = Byte.valueOf(sb.toString());
return output;
}
public byte getCRC(byte[] packet) // required CRC function (return byte)
{
try
{
if (packet == null)
{
//Logger.Error("empty packet received");
return (byte)0;
}
byte XORCheckSum = 0;
byte zeroCount = 0;
byte FFCount = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < packet.length; i++)
{
XORCheckSum ^= packet[i];
if (packet[i] == (byte) 0)
{
zeroCount++;
continue;
}
if (packet[i] == (byte)255)
{
FFCount++;
continue;
}
}
XORCheckSum ^= zeroCount;
XORCheckSum ^= FFCount;
return XORCheckSum;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//Logger.Error(ex);
return (byte)0;
}
}
byte[] concatBytes(byte[]...arrays) // concatenate byte arrays
{
// Determine the length of the result array
int totalLength = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++)
{
totalLength += arrays[i].length;
}
// create the result array
byte[] result = new byte[totalLength];
// copy the source arrays into the result array
int currentIndex = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++)
{
System.arraycopy(arrays[i], 0, result, currentIndex, arrays[i].length);
currentIndex += arrays[i].length;
}
return result;
}
public int getDateTime()
{
int dateInSec = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
return dateInSec;
}
}
标签：sockets,tcp,tcpclient,java,android 来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20191111/2019903.html