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java-在Swing中对齐垂直和水平SequentialGroup

作者：互联网

我已经写了这段代码

package test;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Font;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment;


public class MainFrame extends JFrame  
{
    private int levels;
    private int slots;

    private JLabel labelShowLevel;
    private JFormattedTextField textShowLevel;
    private JButton buttonShowLevel ;

    private JLabel labelAddEntity ;
    private JFormattedTextField textAddEntity ;
    private JButton buttonAddEntity ;
    private JComboBox cb;

    private JLabel labelRemoveEntity ;
    private JFormattedTextField textRemoveEntity ;
    private JButton buttonRemoveEntity ;

    private JLabel labelSearchEntity ;
    private JFormattedTextField textSearchEntity ;
    private JButton buttonSearchEntity ;

    private JLabel labelEmptySlots ;
    private JButton buttonEmptySlots ;

    private JLabel levelDispaly;
    private JLabel totalLevels;


      public MainFrame(int levels, int slots) 
       {   
          this.levels = levels;
          this.slots  = slots;

          getContentPane().add( CreatPanel(), BorderLayout.EAST);  

          this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
          this.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(1000,500));
          this.revalidate();
          this.repaint();
          this.pack();
          this.setVisible(true);
       }


      JPanel CreatPanel()
      {
            JPanel panel = new JPanel();

            labelShowLevel = new JLabel("Display Level");
            labelAddEntity = new JLabel("Enter new car/motorbike");
            labelRemoveEntity = new JLabel("Exit car/motorbike");
            labelSearchEntity = new JLabel("Find car/motorbike");
            labelEmptySlots = new JLabel("Get total empty slots");


            textShowLevel = new JFormattedTextField();
            textAddEntity = new JFormattedTextField();
            textRemoveEntity = new JFormattedTextField();
            textSearchEntity = new JFormattedTextField();

            textShowLevel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100, HEIGHT));

            buttonShowLevel = new JButton("Show");          
            buttonAddEntity = new JButton("Enter");
            buttonRemoveEntity= new JButton("Exit");      
            buttonSearchEntity = new JButton("Search");
            buttonEmptySlots = new JButton("Find");

            Font font = new Font("sans comic", Font.ITALIC, 18);
            levelDispaly = new JLabel("Now Displaying Level 0");
            levelDispaly.setFont(font);
            totalLevels = new JLabel("Total Levels:"+ this.levels+" Total slots per level:"+this.slots);




            String[] items = { "Car", "Motorbike" };
            cb = new JComboBox(items);
            cb.setSelectedItem(items[0]);



            GroupLayout layout = new GroupLayout(panel);
            panel.setLayout(layout);
            layout.setAutoCreateGaps(true);
            layout.setAutoCreateContainerGaps(true);

            GroupLayout.SequentialGroup hGroup = layout.createSequentialGroup();
            hGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().
                     addComponent(labelShowLevel).addComponent(labelAddEntity).addComponent(labelRemoveEntity).addComponent(labelSearchEntity).addComponent(labelEmptySlots).addComponent(levelDispaly).addComponent(totalLevels));
            hGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().
                    addComponent(textShowLevel).addComponent(textAddEntity).addComponent(cb).addComponent(textRemoveEntity).addComponent(textSearchEntity));
            hGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().
                    addComponent(buttonShowLevel).addComponent(buttonAddEntity).addComponent(buttonRemoveEntity).addComponent(buttonSearchEntity).addComponent(buttonEmptySlots));
            layout.setHorizontalGroup(hGroup);

            layout.linkSize(SwingConstants.HORIZONTAL, buttonShowLevel, buttonAddEntity,buttonRemoveEntity,buttonSearchEntity,buttonEmptySlots);

            // Create a sequential group for the vertical axis.
            GroupLayout.SequentialGroup vGroup = layout.createSequentialGroup();

            vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
                     addComponent(labelShowLevel).addComponent(textShowLevel).addComponent(buttonShowLevel));
            vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
                     addComponent(labelAddEntity).addComponent(textAddEntity));
            vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
                    addComponent(cb).addComponent(buttonAddEntity));
            vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
                    addComponent(labelRemoveEntity).addComponent(textRemoveEntity).addComponent(buttonRemoveEntity));
            vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
                    addComponent(labelSearchEntity).addComponent(textSearchEntity).addComponent(buttonSearchEntity));
            vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
                    addComponent(labelEmptySlots).addComponent(buttonEmptySlots));

            vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
                    addComponent(levelDispaly));
            vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
                    addComponent(totalLevels));
            layout.setVerticalGroup(vGroup);    
          return panel;
      }

      public static void main(String args[]) 
      {

          java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
              public void run() 
              {
                  try 
                  {
                      UIManager.setLookAndFeel("javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalLookAndFeel");
                  } 
                  catch (Exception ex) {
                      ex.printStackTrace();
                  }
                  (new MainFrame(5,5)).setVisible(true);   
              }
          });
      }

     }

结果是

enter image description here

我想要的是将最后两个标签(totalLevels和levelDispaly)居中,并使它们占据三列.我做了很多次尝试都失败了.
请注意,窗格的左侧为空,因为我已经删除了代码中不必要的部分,只是为了集中精力解决问题.

解决方法:

您接近了-您陷入了警告,仍然为GroupLayout开发了直觉.有些人永远不会离开这个困境：)

enter image description here

除了笑话,这是您的MCVE,但有一些更改：

public class MainFrame extends JFrame {

    private int levels;
    private int slots;

    private JLabel labelShowLevel;
    private JFormattedTextField textShowLevel;
    private JButton buttonShowLevel;

    private JLabel labelAddEntity;
    private JFormattedTextField textAddEntity;
    private JButton buttonAddEntity;
    private JComboBox cb;

    private JLabel labelRemoveEntity;
    private JFormattedTextField textRemoveEntity;
    private JButton buttonRemoveEntity;

    private JLabel labelSearchEntity;
    private JFormattedTextField textSearchEntity;
    private JButton buttonSearchEntity;

    private JLabel labelEmptySlots;
    private JButton buttonEmptySlots;

    private JLabel levelDispaly;
    private JLabel totalLevels;

    public MainFrame(int levels, int slots) {

        this.levels = levels;
        this.slots = slots;

        getContentPane().add(CreatPanel());

        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.pack();
        this.setVisible(true);
    }

    JPanel CreatPanel() {

        JPanel panel = new JPanel();

        labelShowLevel = new JLabel("Display Level");
        labelAddEntity = new JLabel("Enter new car/motorbike");
        labelRemoveEntity = new JLabel("Exit car/motorbike");
        labelSearchEntity = new JLabel("Find car/motorbike");
        labelEmptySlots = new JLabel("Get total empty slots");

        textShowLevel = new JFormattedTextField();
        textAddEntity = new JFormattedTextField();
        textRemoveEntity = new JFormattedTextField();
        textSearchEntity = new JFormattedTextField();

        textShowLevel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100, HEIGHT));

        buttonShowLevel = new JButton("Show");
        buttonAddEntity = new JButton("Enter");
        buttonRemoveEntity = new JButton("Exit");
        buttonSearchEntity = new JButton("Search");
        buttonEmptySlots = new JButton("Find");

        Font font = new Font("sans comic", Font.ITALIC, 18);
        levelDispaly = new JLabel("Now Displaying Level 0");
        levelDispaly.setFont(font);
        totalLevels = new JLabel("Total Levels:"+ this.levels + " Total slots per level:"
                                    + this.slots);

        String[] items = {"Car", "Motorbike"};
        cb = new JComboBox(items);
        cb.setSelectedItem(items[0]);

        GroupLayout layout = new GroupLayout(panel);
        panel.setLayout(layout);
        layout.setAutoCreateGaps(true);
        layout.setAutoCreateContainerGaps(true);
        layout.linkSize(SwingConstants.HORIZONTAL, buttonShowLevel, buttonAddEntity, buttonRemoveEntity, buttonSearchEntity, buttonEmptySlots);

//@formatter:off
        // Horizontal
        GroupLayout.ParallelGroup hGroup = layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.CENTER); // Will align the labels the way you wanted

        hGroup.addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                   .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                             .addComponent(labelShowLevel)
                             .addComponent(labelAddEntity)
                             .addComponent(labelRemoveEntity)
                             .addComponent(labelSearchEntity)
                             .addComponent(labelEmptySlots))
                   .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                             .addComponent(textShowLevel)
                             .addComponent(textAddEntity)
                             .addComponent(cb)
                             .addComponent(textRemoveEntity)
                             .addComponent(textSearchEntity))
                   .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                             .addComponent(buttonShowLevel)
                             .addComponent(buttonAddEntity)
                             .addComponent(buttonRemoveEntity)
                             .addComponent(buttonSearchEntity)
                             .addComponent(buttonEmptySlots)));
        hGroup.addComponent(levelDispaly);
        hGroup.addComponent(totalLevels);

        layout.setHorizontalGroup(hGroup);

        // Vertical
        GroupLayout.SequentialGroup vGroup = layout.createSequentialGroup();

        vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                   .addComponent(labelShowLevel)
                   .addComponent(textShowLevel)
                   .addComponent(buttonShowLevel));
        vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                   .addComponent(labelAddEntity)
                   .addComponent(textAddEntity));
        vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                   .addComponent(cb)
                   .addComponent(buttonAddEntity));
        vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                   .addComponent(labelRemoveEntity)
                   .addComponent(textRemoveEntity)
                   .addComponent(buttonRemoveEntity));
        vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                   .addComponent(labelSearchEntity)
                   .addComponent(textSearchEntity)
                   .addComponent(buttonSearchEntity));
        vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                   .addComponent(labelEmptySlots)
                   .addComponent(buttonEmptySlots));
        vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                   .addComponent(levelDispaly));
        vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup()
                   .addComponent(totalLevels));

        layout.setVerticalGroup(vGroup);
//@formatter:on

        return panel;
      }

    public static void main(String args[]) {

        EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> new MainFrame(5, 5));
    }
}

您的问题出在横向小组中.您将标签限制为与左列对齐.作为一般的经验法则,如果希望某个方向上的组件不受限制(可以自由对齐),则需要在该方向的层次结构中添加另一个“级别”的组.

具体来说,从您的水平代码中删除2个标签后,剩下的是一个顺序组(在您的情况下为hGroup),其中有并行组.由于这两个标签不与这些组对齐,因此必须将它们添加到不是hGroup的顺序组中.这意味着,如果hGroup是顺序的,它将有一个“子”并行组,该组在其下将具有新的顺序组(代替hGroup)以及2个标签：

> hGroup(顺序)

> p(参数)

> s(Seq.)

> p1
> p2
> p3

>标签1
>标签2

(未显示p1-p3下的组件.)

但是,由于hGroup现在只有1个子级,因此您只需删除此冗余的顶层顺序组并将hGroup设为单个并行组即可.请记住,水平和垂直组都可以是顺序组或并行组之一.不要将两个方向都限制在顺序上,因为那样只会添加多余的组(仍然可以使用)：

> hGroup(参数)

> s(Seq.)

> p1
> p2
> p3

>标签1
>标签2

以下是可以帮助您使用GroupLayout的常规思维模式.请注意,人们可以通过多种方式思考这些问题并提出其他解释.在使用Grouplayout一段时间后,这将变得完全直观.

选择正确的父组类型

如果您想知道您的垂直/水平组是顺序的还是平行的,只需查看“管理方向”即可. “管理方向”是您可以最终确定最高级别组件顺序的方向.

在您的情况下,让我们看一下垂直分组.从上到下查看时,您可以确定从上到下的组件(或其组)的顺序,但不能从左到右,因为最后两个标签相对于组件没有明确的从左到右的顺序其他组件-这2个标签由对齐方式确定.然后

垂直组&&垂直控制方向==顺序组

对于水平组,同样,您只能说出从上到下的顺序：

水平组&&垂直控制方向==平行组

如果没有单个“管理方向”,则可以选择其中一个.想象一个2×2的网格,有4个布局层次结构将得到相同的结果.

如果您输入有误,并且使用了错误的分组类型,则该分组将只有一个其他子组的子组.然后,您可以剪切该顶级组.

创建组层次结构

选择“管理方向”后,开始朝该方向前进,并按确定的顺序添加组件.如果顺序中有多个组件位于同一位置,则意味着您需要在另一个方向上添加组.

对于垂直(红色箭头)顺序组,请遵循以下示意图：

enter image description here

从上到下,订单的第1个位置(红色矩形)中包含3个组件.这意味着我们需要一个并行组来划分(分离)子层次结构(绿线)中的每个组件.这个过程一直持续到我们到达第一个标签为止,此时没有“竞争”组件,因此我们只需添加该组件(红色矩形)即可.第二个标签相同.这是垂直组的代码一对一.

对于水平(蓝色箭头)并行组,请观察类似的示意图：

enter image description here

从上到下,第一个位置有3个组件.这意味着我们需要添加一个顺序组.但是,这三个组件中的每个组件都与水平的其他组件共享其顺序位置.这意味着我们需要添加3个平行组(蓝色矩形)以对组件进行剖切.将这3个并行组添加到顺序组(绿色矩形)中.然后,我们到达第一个标签,然后添加该组件(绿色矩形).第二个标签相同.这是水平组的代码一对一.

对准

我建议您完全不用担心对齐问题,除非您以所需的方式获得了组层次结构.在您链接组件的情况下(例如您的情况),对齐不会发挥任何作用,因为组件已经填满了整个空间(请自己检查).设置完所有内容后,即可快速轻松地设置路线.

与布局无关的注释：

>无需在显示框架之前调用revalidate和重新绘制.
>调用setSize(…)是多余的,因为您稍后将调用包(应按要求进行).
>您将调用* setVisible(true)两次：一次inmain`,一次在构造函数中.其中之一根本什么都不做,只选一个.
>不要在textShowLevel上调用setPrefferedSize(…).我什至不确定您要传递给它什么(某些ImageObserver东西).您可以通过指定其包含的列数或覆盖其getPreferredSize()来设置其宽度.
>不要使用原始类型的JComboBox,您可能需要< String>.
>我没有将面板添加到BorderLayout.EAST中,因为在我的上下文中这没有意义.

标签：swing,layout-manager,grouplayout,java
来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20191027/1943997.html