html5源码笔记(四)【爱创课堂专业前端培训】
作者:互联网
一、响应式的实现-媒介查询
@media
实现方式一:把media限定到link中
<div class="box1"></div> <div class="box2"></div> |
<!--响应式页面兼容移动端代码--> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/media1.css" media="screen and (max-width:1000px)"/> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/media2.css" media="screen and (min-width:1000px) and (max-width:1500px)"/> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/media3.css" media="screen and (min-width:1500px)"/> |
实现方式二:把media写到css代码中
留活口,ie兼容
@charset "utf-8";
*{ margin: 0; padding: 0; }
aside{ height: 200px; width: 20%; float: left; background: orange; } div{ height: 200px; width: 40%; float: left; }
div.box1{ background: blue; }
div.box2{ background: pink; }
@media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) and (max-width: 1500px) { aside{ display: none; }
div.box1{ width: 50%; background: red; }
div.box2{ width: 50%; background: purple; } }
@media only screen and (max-width: 1000px) { aside{ display: none; }
div.box1{ width: 100%; background: yellow; }
div.box2{ width: 100%; background: greenyellow; }
1 } |
二、bootstrap介绍
2.1 bootstrap概述
bootstrap 是世界上最受欢迎的前端框架,用于构建响应式、移动设备优先的网站。
bootstrap分为“全局css样式”、“组件”、“javascript插件”这么几个主要的部分。
设置全局 css 样式
基本的 html 元素均可以通过 class 设置样式并得到增强效果;还有先进的栅格系统。
组件
无数可复用的组件,包括字体图标、下拉菜单、导航、警告框、弹出框等更多功能。
javascript插件
jquery 插件为 bootstrap 的组件赋予了“生命”。可以简单地一次性引入所有插件,或者逐个引入到你的 页面中。
2.2 bootstrap引入:
npm 需要安装环境node.js
cdn 在线方式,需要联网
离线的方式 下载引入自己的网站中
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-gn5384xqq1aowxa+058rxpxpg6fy4iwvtnh0e263xmfcjlsawiggfaw/dais6jxm" crossorigin="anonymous"> 1 <!--<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"--> |
2.3 容器及标题标签
类名.container 根据不同视口给出不同的方案,但是都是页面居中的效果
类名 .container-fluid 宽度百分百
标题标签 单位rem 改变了w3c标准样式
<div class="container border2"> <!-- content here --> <h1>这是bootstrap</h1> <h2>这是bootstrap</h2> <h3>这是bootstrap</h3> <h4>这是bootstrap</h4> <h5>这是bootstrap</h5> <h6>这是bootstrap</h6> 1 </div> |
2.4 媒体查询:
// small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up)@media (min-width: 576px) { ... } // medium devices (tablets, 768px and up)@media (min-width: 768px) { ... } // large devices (desktops, 992px and up)@media (min-width: 992px) { ... } // extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... } 1 |
或:
// extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)@media (max-width: 575.98px) { ... } // small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up)@media (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767.98px) { ... } // medium devices (tablets, 768px and up)@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991.98px) { ... } // large devices (desktops, 992px and up)@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199.98px) { ... } // extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... } 1 |
1 |
2.5 网格布局
栅格系统用于通过一系列的行(row)与列(column)的组合来创建页面布局,你的内容就可以放入这些创建好的布局中
类名row 行 必须包含在 .container (固定宽度)或 .container-fluid (100% 宽度)中,以便为其赋予合适的排列(aligment)和内补(padding)。
类名 col- 列、栏 通过“行(row)”在水平方向创建一组“列(column)” ,内容应当放置于“列(column)”内,并且,只有“列(column)”可以作为行(row)”的直接子元素
一行一共有12栏,如果一行多余12栏,会自动换行
响应式:
.col-
.col-sm-
.col-md-
.col-lg-
.col-xl-
偏移值:
offset-
<div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> <div class="col-sm"> one of three columns </div> </div> </div>
<div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-2"> col-2 </div> <div class="col-8"> col-8 </div> <div class="col-2"> col-2 </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-3"> col-3 </div> <div class="col-6"> col-6 </div> <div class="col-3"> col-3 </div> </div> 1 </div> |
2.6 文本与排版
使用 Bootstrap 的排版特性,可以创建标题、段落、列表及其他内联元素,实际上它是把大部分在HTML的基本标签加了样式。
<div class="container"> <p class="text-left text-success bg-info">这是关于排版和文本效果的应用</p> <p class="text-center text-info bg-warning">这是关于排版和文本效果的应用</p> <p class="text-right text-warning bg-success">这是关于排版和文本效果的应用</p> <p class="text-hide"</p> <p class="text-danger bg-primary">这是关于排版和文本效果的应用</p> <p class="text-muted bg-danger">这是关于排版和文本效果的应用</p> 1 </div> |
2.7 表格
1 默认样式 2 .table 3 可选样式 4 .table-striped 为表格提供了斑马线的样式 5 .table-bordered 为表格增加边框(border) 6 .table-hover 为表格中的每一行赋予鼠标悬停样式。鼠标划过后会添加一个背景色。 7 .table-condensed 每个单元格的内补(padding)减半,可使表格更紧凑。 |
8 |
<div class="container"> <table class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover table-warning table-sm"> <thead> <tr class="bg-danger"> <th scope="col">#</th> <th scope="col">First</th> <th scope="col">Last</th> <th scope="col">Handle</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">1</th> <td>Mark</td> <td>Otto</td> <td>@mdo</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2</th> <td>Jacob</td> <td>Thornton</td> <td>@fat</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">3</th> <td>Larry</td> <td>the Bird</td> <td>@twitter</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> 1 </div> |
2.7 表单
1 |
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2.8 按钮
<div class="container-fluid"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Primary</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Secondary</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-light">Light</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-dark">Dark</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-link">Link</button> </div>
<div class="container"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">按钮</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">按钮</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">按钮</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">按钮</button> </div>
<div class="container"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-light">按钮</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-light">按钮</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-light">按钮</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-light">按钮</button> 1 </div> |
2.9 卡片 面包屑
<div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-4"> <div class="card" style="width: 18rem;"> <img class="card-img-top" src="images/1.jpg" alt="Card image cap"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5> <p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p> <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-4"> <div class="card" style="width: 18rem;"> <img class="card-img-top" src="images/1.jpg" alt="Card image cap"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5> <p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p> <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-4"> <div class="card" style="width: 18rem;"> <img class="card-img-top" src="images/1.jpg" alt="Card image cap"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5> <p class="card-text">Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p> <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> 1 </div> |
2.9 轮播图
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="bootstrap-4.0.0-dist/css/bootstrap.css"/> <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/popper.js/1.12.9/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha384-ApNbgh9B+Y1QKtv3Rn7W3mgPxhU9K/ScQsAP7hUibX39j7fakFPskvXusvfa0b4Q" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-JZR6Spejh4U02d8jOt6vLEHfe/JQGiRRSQQxSfFWpi1MquVdAyjUar5+76PVCmYl" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div id="carouselExampleIndicators" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel"> <ol class="carousel-indicators"> <li data-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li> <li data-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-slide-to="1"></li> <li data-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-slide-to="2"></li> </ol> <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active"> <img class="d-block w-100" src="images/1.jpg" alt="First slide"> </div> <div class="carousel-item"> <img class="d-block w-100" src="images/2.jpg" alt="Second slide"> </div> <div class="carousel-item"> <img class="d-block w-100" src="images/3.jpg" alt="Third slide"> </div> </div> <a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselExampleIndicators" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Previous</span> </a> <a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselExampleIndicators" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next</span> </a> </div> </div> </body> </html> 1 |
标签:media,爱创,bootstrap,three,width,源码,html5,col,columns 来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/Vhaomei0452/p/11395853.html