python – 函数缺少2个必需的位置参数：’x’和’y’

我正在尝试编写一个绘制Spirograph的Python龟程序,我不断收到此错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\matt\Downloads\spirograph.py", line 36, in <module>
    main()
  File "C:\Users\matt\Downloads\spirograph.py", line 16, in main
    spirograph(R,r,p,x,y)
  File "C:\Users\matt\Downloads\spirograph.py", line 27, in spirograph
    spirograph(p-1, x,y)
TypeError: spirograph() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'x' and 'y'
>>> 

这是代码：

from turtle import *
from math import *
def main():
    p= int(input("enter p"))
    R=100
    r=4
    t=2*pi
    x= (R-r)*cos(t)-(r+p)*cos((R-r)/r*t)
    y= (R-r)*sin(t)-(r+p)*sin((R-r)/r*t)
    spirograph(R,r,p,x,y)


def spirograph(R,r,p,x,y):
    R=100
    r=4
    t=2*pi
    x= (R-r)*cos(t)-(r+p)*cos((R-r)/r*t)
    y= (R-r)*sin(t)-(r+p)*sin((R-r)/r*t)
    while p<100 and p>10:
        goto(x,y)
        spirograph(p-1, x,y)

    if p<10 or p>100:
        print("invalid p value, enter value between 10 nd 100")

    input("hit enter to quite")
    bye()


main()

我知道这可能有一个简单的解决方案,但我真的无法弄清楚我做错了什么,这是我的计算机科学1课的练习,我不知道如何修复错误.

解决方法:

回溯的最后一行告诉您问题所在：

  File "C:\Users\matt\Downloads\spirograph.py", line 27, in spirograph
    spirograph(p-1, x,y) # <--- this is the problem line
TypeError: spirograph() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'x' and 'y'

在你的代码中,spirograph()函数有5个参数：def spirograph(R,r,p,x,y),它们是R,r,p,x,y.在错误消息中突出显示的行中,您只传递三个参数p-1,x,y,并且由于这与函数所期望的不匹配,因此Python会引发错误.

我还注意到你正在覆盖函数体中的一些参数：

def spirograph(R,r,p,x,y):
    R=100 # this will cancel out whatever the user passes in as `R`
    r=4 # same here for the value of `r`
    t=2*pi

这是一个简单的例子：

>>> def example(a, b, c=100):
...    a = 1  # notice here I am assigning 'a'
...    b = 2  # and here the value of 'b' is being overwritten
...    # The value of c is set to 100 by default
...    print(a,b,c)
...
>>> example(4,5)  # Here I am passing in 4 for a, and 5 for b
(1, 2, 100)  # but notice its not taking any effect
>>> example(9,10,11)  # Here I am passing in a value for c
(1, 2, 11)

由于您始终希望将此值保留为默认值,因此您可以从函数的签名中删除这些参数：

def spirograph(p,x,y):
    # ... the rest of your code

或者,您可以给他们一些默认值：

def spirograph(p,x,y,R=100,r=4):
    # ... the rest of your code

由于这是一个分配,其余由你决定.

标签：turtle-graphics,python
来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20190728/1565651.html