PHP – `get_headers`为有效的URL返回“400 Bad Request”和“403 Forbidden”?
作者:互联网
描述底部的工作解决方案!
我正在运行PHP 5.4,并试图获取URL列表的标题.
在大多数情况下,一切都运行良好,但有三个URL导致问题(可能更多,更广泛的测试).
'http://www.alealimay.com'
'http://www.thelovelist.net'
'http://www.bleedingcool.com'
这三个站点在浏览器中都可以正常工作,并生成以下标头响应:
(来自Safari)
请注意,所有三个标头响应都是Code = 200
但是通过PHP检索标头,使用get_headers
……
stream_context_set_default(array('http' => array('method' => "HEAD")));
$headers = get_headers($url, 1);
stream_context_set_default(array('http' => array('method' => "GET")));
…返回以下内容:
url ...... "http://www.alealimay.com"
headers
| 0 ............................ "HTTP/1.0 400 Bad Request"
| content-length ............... "378"
| X-Synthetic .................. "true"
| expires ...................... "Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC"
| pragma ....................... "no-cache"
| cache-control ................ "no-cache, must-revalidate"
| content-type ................. "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
| connection ................... "close"
| date ......................... "Wed, 24 Aug 2016 01:26:21 UTC"
| X-ContextId .................. "QIFB0I8V/xsTFMREg"
| X-Via ........................ "1.0 echo109"
url ...... "http://www.thelovelist.net"
headers
| 0 ............................ "HTTP/1.0 400 Bad Request"
| content-length ............... "378"
| X-Synthetic .................. "true"
| expires ...................... "Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC"
| pragma ....................... "no-cache"
| cache-control ................ "no-cache, must-revalidate"
| content-type ................. "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
| connection ................... "close"
| date ......................... "Wed, 24 Aug 2016 01:26:22 UTC"
| X-ContextId .................. "aNKvf2RB/bIMjWyjW"
| X-Via ........................ "1.0 echo103"
url ...... "http://www.bleedingcool.com"
headers
| 0 ............................ "HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden"
| Server ....................... "Sucuri/Cloudproxy"
| Date ......................... "Wed, 24 Aug 2016 01:26:22 GMT"
| Content-Type ................. "text/html"
| Content-Length ............... "5311"
| Connection ................... "close"
| Vary ......................... "Accept-Encoding"
| ETag ......................... "\"57b7f28e-14bf\""
| X-XSS-Protection ............. "1; mode=block"
| X-Frame-Options .............. "SAMEORIGIN"
| X-Content-Type-Options ....... "nosniff"
| X-Sucuri-ID .................. "11005"
无论是否更改stream_context,都是这种情况
//stream_context_set_default(array('http' => array('method' => "HEAD")));
$headers = get_headers($url, 1);
//stream_context_set_default(array('http' => array('method' => "GET")));
产生相同的结果.
没有任何警告或错误被抛出(通常使用@get_headers抑制错误,但两种方式都没有区别).
我检查了我的php.ini,并将allow_url_fopen
设置为On.
我将前往stream_get_meta_data
,对CURL解决方案不感兴趣. stream_get_meta_data(及其伴随的fopen)将在与get_headers相同的位置失败,因此在这种情况下修复一个将解决.
通常,如果存在重定向,则输出如下所示:
url ...... "http://www.startingURL.com/"
headers
| 0 ............................ "HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently"
| 1 ............................ "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
| Date
| | "Wed, 24 Aug 2016 02:02:29 GMT"
| | "Wed, 24 Aug 2016 02:02:32 GMT"
|
| Server
| | "Apache"
| | "Apache"
|
| Location ..................... "http://finishingURL.com/"
| Connection
| | "close"
| | "close"
|
| Content-Type
| | "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
| | "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
|
| Link ......................... "; rel=\"https://api.w.org/\", ; rel=shortlink"
为什么网站在浏览器中工作,但在使用get_headers时失败?
有各种SO帖子讨论相同的事情,但所有这些的解决方案都不属于这种情况:
POST
requires Content-Length
(我正在发送HEAD请求,不会返回任何内容)
URL contains UTF-8 data(这些网址中的唯一字符全部来自拉丁字母)
Cannot send a URL with spaces in it(这些网址都是无空间的,并且在各方面都很普通)
解!
(感谢Max在下面的答案中指出我在正确的轨道上.)
问题是因为没有预先定义的user_agent,没有在php.ini中设置,或在代码中声明它.
因此,我将user_agent更改为模仿浏览器,执行操作,然后将其还原为说明值(可能为空).
$OriginalUserAgent = ini_get('user_agent');
ini_set('user_agent', 'Mozilla/5.0');
$headers = @get_headers($url, 1);
ini_set('user_agent', $OriginalUserAgent);
用户代理更改发现here.
最佳答案:
之所以发生这种情况,是因为所有这三个站点都在检查请求和响应的UserAgent标头,如果无法匹配则会出现错误. get_headers函数不发送此标头.您可以尝试使用cURL和此代码段来获取网站内容:
$url = 'http://www.alealimay.com';
$c = curl_init($url);
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, 'curl/7.48.0');
curl_exec($c);
var_dump(curl_getinfo($c));
UPD:
没有必要使用cURL来设置用户代理标头.它也可以用ini_set(‘user_agent’,’Mozilla / 5.0′)完成;然后get_headers函数将使用配置值.
标签:php,get-headers 来源: https://codeday.me/bug/20190516/1115036.html