php实现网络请求的方法及函数总结
作者：互联网
分析php发送网网络请求的方法
对于php发送网络请求，我们最常用的请求就是curl,有时我们也会用到file_get_contents函数发送网络请求，但file_get_contents只能完成一些简单的网络请求，稍复杂的就无法完成，例如文件上传，cookies，验证，表单提交等，用php的curl可以使用URL的语法模拟浏览器来传输数据，因为它是模拟浏览器，因此它同样支持多种协议，FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, GOPHER, TELNET, DICT, FILE 以及 LDAP等协议都可以很好的支持，包括一些：HTTPS认证，HTTP POST方法，HTTP PUT方法，FTP上传，keyberos认证，HTTP上传，代理服务器，cookies，用户名/密码认证，下载文件断点续传，上传文件断点续传，http代理服务器管道，甚至它还支持IPv6，scoket5代理服务器，通过http代理服务器上传文件到FTP服务器等等，所以我们在开发中尽量用curl发网络请求，无论是简单还是复杂。
请求方法
file_get_contents
file_get_contents(filename,use_include_path,context,offset,length)
filename: 必须。要读取的文件名称，支持URI，相对/绝对路径等指定的唯一资源地址
use_include_path: 可选。如果想在include_path中搜寻文件的话，可以将参数设为“1”
context：可选。规定文件句柄的环境，contxt是一套可以修改流的行为的选项。若使用null，则忽略。
offset： 可选。规则在文件中开始读取的位置，该参数是PHP5.1新加的。
length: 可选。规定读取的字节数，该参数是PHP5.1新加的。
一般用file_get_contents或者fopen, file , readfile等函数读取url的时候 会创建一个$http_response_header变量保存HTTP响应的报头,使用fopen等函数打开的数据流信息可以用stream_get_meta_data获取
$html = file_get_contents('http://www.baidu.com');
print_r($http_response_header);
$fp = fopen('http://www.baidu.com', 'r');
print_r(stream_get_meta_data($fp));
fclose($fp);
模拟POST请求
$url = 'http://192.168.1.1/test.php';
$data = array(
'keyword' => 'test data',
);
$content = http_build_query($data);
$content_length = strlen($content);
$options = array(
'http' => array(
'method' => 'POST',
'header' =>
"Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n" .
"Content-length: $content_length\r\n",
'content' => $content
)
);
echo file_get_contents($url, false, stream_context_create($options));
curl发送网络请求
curl可以支持https认证、http post、ftp上传、代理、cookies、简单口令认证等等功能,使用前需要先在你的PHP环境中安装和启用curl模块，
这里有两种写法供大家参考：
<?php
function geturl($url){
$headerArray =array("Content-type:application/json;","Accept:application/json");
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,$headerArray);
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
$output = json_decode($output,true);
return $output;
}
function posturl($url,$data){
$data = json_encode($data);
$headerArray =array("Content-type:application/json;charset='utf-8'","Accept:application/json");
$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST,FALSE);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,$headerArray);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$output = curl_exec($curl);
curl_close($curl);
return json_decode($output，true);
}
function puturl($url,$data){
$data = json_encode($data);
$ch = curl_init(); //初始化CURL句柄
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); //设置请求的URL
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-type:application/json'));
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1); //设为TRUE把curl_exec()结果转化为字串，而不是直接输出
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,"PUT"); //设置请求方式
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);//设置提交的字符串
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
return json_decode($output,true);
}
function delurl($url,$data){
$data = json_encode($data);
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt ($ch,CURLOPT_URL,$put_url);
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-type:application/json'));
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "DELETE");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$data);
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
$output = json_decode($output,true);
}
function patchurl($url,$data){
$data = json_encode($data);
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt ($ch,CURLOPT_URL,$url);
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-type:application/json'));
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PATCH");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$data);
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
$output = json_decode($output);
return $output;
}
?>
一个函数片时各种请求：
function sendCurl($url, $data = null,$method='POST')
{
$method=strtoupper($method);
$start_wdmcurl_time = microtime(true);
$header = array(' application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, false);
// https 请求
if (strlen($url) > 5 && strtolower(substr($url, 0, 5)) == "https")
{
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, false);
}
if($method=='GET'){
if($data && is_array($data) && count($data)>0 ){
$url.="?".http_build_query($data);
}
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
}elseif($method=='POST'){
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
if (is_array($data) && count($data)>0)
{
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
$isPostMultipart = false;
foreach ($data as $k => $v)
{
if ('@' == substr($v, 0, 1))
{
$isPostMultipart = true;
break;
}
}
unset($k, $v);
if ($isPostMultipart) {
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
} else {
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($data));
}
}
}elseif(in_array($method,['PUT','DELETE','PATCH'])){
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,$method);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
}
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,$header);
$reponse = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
return $reponse;
}
composer的扩展guzzlehttp
composer require guzzlehttp/guzzle
$client = new \GuzzleHttp\Client();
$response = $client->request('GET', 'https://api.github.com/repos/guzzle/guzzle');
echo $response->getStatusCode(); // 200
echo $response->getHeaderLine('content-type'); // 'application/json; charset=utf8'
echo $response->getBody(); // '{"id": 1420053, "name": "guzzle", ...}'
// Send an asynchronous request.
$request = new \GuzzleHttp\Psr7\Request('GET', 'http://httpbin.org');
$promise = $client->sendAsync($request)->then(function ($response) {
echo 'I completed! ' . $response->getBody();
});
$promise->wait();
日常开发中我们尽量用方法三，自定义用curl处理网络请求，或用composer的guzzlehttp扩展库，有起来也很方便。
参考地址：https://blog.csdn.net/itopit/article/details/125240205
标签：ch,http,请求,setopt,curl,php,data,CURLOPT,函数 来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/wanghaokun/p/16408207.html